How to Choose a Catheter?

For intermittent catheterization, dedicated catheters should be used. An appropriate catheter should have the following characteristics: low irritation, effective reduction of complications, ease of use, low friction, and minimal trauma. Improper catheters may cause complications such as urethral injury and urinary tract infection.

Ⅰ. Advantages and Disadvantages of Catheters Made of Different Materials

The following is an introduction to catheters made of different materials, each with its own pros and cons.

PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Catheters

Features: Relatively rigid; lowest price.

Advantages: Easy to insert, suitable for novice operators (e.g., parents).

Disadvantages: Poor flexibility and low comfort; higher risk of friction and potential damage to the urethral mucosa. Usually for single-use only; reuse is not recommended. Lubricant must be applied to the catheter before use.

Silicone Catheters

Features: Extremely smooth surface; soft and elastic material; high biocompatibility.

Advantages: Highest comfort; minimal irritation and injury risk to the urethral mucosa. Can be sterilized and reused multiple times (strictly follow standard cleaning and disinfection procedures).

Disadvantages: Relatively high price. Due to its softness, insertion may require more skill. Lubricant must be applied to the catheter before use.

Hydrophilic-Coated Catheters

Features: A latest-generation technology. The catheter surface has a polymer coating that becomes extremely smooth when in contact with water.

Advantages: Minimal friction resistance during insertion; no additional lubricant required. Greatly improves comfort and safety, and significantly reduces the risk of urinary tract infection and urethral injury. Mostly come in individual sterile packaging for single use, which is very convenient.

Disadvantages: High price.

Ⅱ. Size Selection

Common size range for children:

Newborns (within 28 days after birth): 4-6 Fr

Infants (1-3 years old): 6-8 Fr

Preschool children (3-6 years old): 8-10 Fr

School-age children and adolescents (over 6 years old): 10-12 Fr

Note: The size should be determined based on the child’s body size.

Ⅲ. Additional Details to Note

The first catheter selection must be determined by professional medical staff after evaluating the child’s condition.

Trial and adaptation: In the initial stage, under the guidance of medical staff, you may need to try several different types of catheters to find the one that the child can accept most and is most comfortable to operate.

Observation and feedback: Closely observe whether the child experiences symptoms such as pain, bleeding, increased crying, or fever after catheterization. These may be signs of urethral injury or infection, and you should contact a doctor immediately.