Five Key Strategies to Prevent Urethral Mucosal Injury, Bleeding, and Infection

Five Key Strategies to Prevent Urethral Mucosal Injury, Bleeding, and Infection

Frequent catheterization may cause urethral mucosal injury, and long-term or repeated trauma can lead to the formation of false passages. For individuals requiring long-term catheter use, it is essential to fully lubricate the catheter, preferably using hydrophilic-coated catheters. Gentle insertion without excessive force can significantly reduce urethral injury.

01 Improper Catheter Selection:
Using a catheter without adequate lubrication or with insufficient lubrication can cause pain and discomfort during catheterization. Additionally, if the catheter’s eyelets are not smooth—containing burrs, sharp edges, or deformities—it may cause urethral damage.

02 Urethral Spasm and Tension:
Anxiety and muscle tension during catheterization can lead to urethral spasms, increasing the risk of mucosal injury and bleeding.

03 Improper Insertion Technique:
The male urethra is approximately 18–20 cm long and contains three natural narrow points (internal urethral orifice, membranous urethra, and external urethral opening) and two curves (subpubic curvature and prepubic curvature). During insertion, it is crucial to proceed gently and avoid using force, as rough handling can easily injure the urethra.

04 Use of Hydrophilic-Coated Catheters:
Selecting catheters with a hydrophilic coating helps protect the urethra, minimizes mucosal damage, prevents bleeding, and thereby reduces the risk of infection.

05 Opt for Catheters with Smooth Eyelets and Tips:
Choosing catheters with round, polished eyelets and a well-designed tip reduces the likelihood of traumatizing the urethral mucosa. This not only decreases bleeding but also helps prevent urethral infections