Common Problems and Solutions in Clean Intermittent Catheterization (CIC)
Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) is an effective method for emptying the bladder. It helps patients with conditions such as neurogenic bladder dysfunction, which cause difficulty in urination, to fully empty the bladder and reduce the risk of urinary tract infections. The recommended frequency for clean intermittent catheterization is 4–6 times per day. Due to anatomical differences between men and women, the catheter insertion depth varies, and various issues may occur during the procedure. Below, we list common problems that may arise during catheterization, their possible causes, and suggested solutions.
The common problems and solutions during catheterization are as follows:
| Problem | Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Difficulty inserting / catheter displacement | Excessive tension or anxiety | Distract attention and perform relaxation breathing exercises (e.g., deep mouth breathing), gently advance the catheter during exhalation; choose hydrophilic-coated catheters to reduce friction and pain. |
| Catheter too large in diameter | Select a smaller or more appropriate size catheter. | |
| Catheter sticks to urethral walls | Use hydrophilic catheters instead of standard gel-lubricated catheters; apply additional lubricant to improve insertion. | |
| No urine flow | Catheter not fully inserted into bladder | Advance the catheter further into the bladder. |
| Improper positioning during insertion | Males: adjust the angle of the penis. Females: place a pillow under the pelvis for better access. |
|
| Obstruction by sediment, blood clots, or stones in the bladder | Perform bladder irrigation to remove debris. | |
| Catheter inserted into a false passage | Remove and replace the catheter; if persistent, seek hospital evaluation. | |
| (Females) Catheter accidentally inserted into the vagina | Remove and use a new catheter; carefully identify the urethral opening—urine flow confirms correct placement. | |
| Catheter kinking or bending | Catheter too flexible or twisted during insertion | Straighten catheter gently and reinsert; consider using a slightly stiffer catheter if appropriate. |
| Pain or discomfort during insertion | Urethral irritation or inflammation | Urethral irritation or inflammation |
| Bleeding or minor trauma | Fragile urethral mucosa or repeated catheterization | Pause catheterization, allow bleeding to stop; use a smaller or hydrophilic catheter in the future, and minimize repeated trauma. |
| Frequent blockage of catheter | Sediment, mucus, or infection | Sediment, mucus, or infection |
| Urine leakage around catheter | Catheter too small or bladder spasms | Ensure correct catheter size, check for proper insertion depth, and manage bladder spasms under medical guidance. |
For individuals performing clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) at home, being familiar with catheterization techniques and understanding the characteristics of the catheter can help ensure smoother insertion and reduce discomfort. When financially feasible, it is best to choose catheters with a hydrophilic coating. Hydrophilic-coated catheters not only enhance lubrication but also reduce friction between the catheter and urethral mucosa, minimizing bleeding, infection, and other catheter-related complications. They particularly improve comfort and help reduce anxiety associated with catheterization, making them the preferred choice for intermittent catheter use.
Features of Daxan Intermittent Catheters
Daxan Hydrophilic-coated intermittent catheters are designed with patient comfort and ease of use in mind, providing a significantly more convenient and gentle insertion experience. The advanced hydrophilic coating effectively reduces friction between the catheter surface and the delicate urethral mucosa, minimizing discomfort during catheterization. Additionally, the catheter features a hot-polished side eyelet, which not only enhances smooth passage but also helps to prevent mucosal injury. This careful design reduces trauma to the urethra, thereby substantially lowering the risk of urinary tract infections and promoting better overall urinary health for users. Together, these features make Daxan catheters a safer, more comfortable option for intermittent catheterization.